Kleides proves where a credential lives, replaces it everywhere, confirms that every consumer has picked up the new value, and only then destroys the old one. If any step fails, it stops with both keys still working and tells a human why.
A rotation either completes in full or leaves things as they were. There is no half-rotated state that someone has to untangle at night.
Kleides works at both ends: it replaces the credential at the issuer, and in every place your systems read it from.
Values are escrowed encrypted and shredded after use. Not the people running the rotation, and not the systems coordinating it, ever see a value.
Entries are chained so that any alteration shows. Replay a rotation as a timeline in plain language, and read what happened without reading logs.
Start in shadow mode. Kleides watches, reports, and changes nothing until you tell it to.